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Intraductal papillomas of the breast are benign lesions with an incidence of approximately 2-3% in humans. Two types of intraductal papillomas are generally distinguished. The central type develops near the nipple. They are usually solitary and often arise in the period nearing menopause. On the other hand, the peripheral type are often multiple papillomas arising at the peripheral breasts, and are usually found in younger women. The peripheral type are associated with a higher risk of malignancy. They are the most common cause of bloody nipple discharge in women age 20-40 and generally do not show up on mammography due to their small size, so the next step in treatment would be a galactogram to guide the subsequent biopsy. The masses are often too small to be palpated or felt. A galactogram is therefore necessary to rule out the lesion. Excision is sometimes performed. Microdochectomy/microdochotomy (removal of a breast duct) is the treatment of choice. ==Additional images== Image:Intraductal papilloma histopathology (1).jpg|Histopathology of intraductal papilloma of the breast by excisional biopsy. Hematoxylin and eosin stain. Image:Intraductal papilloma histopathology (2) smooth muscle actin.JPG|Histopathology of intraductal papilloma of the breast by excisional biopsy. Immunostaining for alpha-smooth muscle actin. File:Ultrasound 12070I26 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I33 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I40 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I6 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I25 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I12 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「intraductal papilloma」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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